Tectonic plates are massive slabs of Earth's lithosphere that float atop the semi-fluid mantle, constantly shifting and ...

IT has become clear in recent years that there is a formidable case for continental drift. The most convincing single piece of evidence comes from palæomagnetism1, but this is amply supported by ...

New research traces the origins of Earth’s most powerful volcanic eruptions to mysterious continent-sized structures deep ...

Giant, large-scale eruptions can have more serious impacts. One such event contributed to the demise of the dinosaurs 66 ...

The Earth's mantle is not static, he said, but moves by the process of convection: Hotter material from closer to the core rises and cooler material sinks in a cycle of vertical motion.

A model for convection in the upper mantle of the Earth comprising two flows, one of percolating melt fluid (which need be no more than a small volume fraction in the intergranular channels of ...

Mantle plumes were the implicit link in previous studies relating BLOBS to giant volcanic eruptions. Their shape is a bit ...

Earth's magnetic field and oxygen levels have increased more or less in parallel over the past 540 million years, suggesting ...