An organization that educates and advocates for descendants of Freedmen who were formerly enslaved by the Five Tribes is ...

Five Civilized Tribes To Testify Before Senate Committee Representatives of the Five Civilized Tribes — Cherokee Nation, Chickasaw Nation, Choctaw Nation, Muscogee (Creek) Nation, and Seminole ...

Descendants of Freedmen of the Five Civilized Tribes Association have sent U.S. Secretary of Interior Burgum a letter seeking Choctaw freedmen treaty rights protection.

Ron Graham, a Creek Freedmen descendant who watched the oral arguments, said the language in the Muscogee constitution disenfranchised the Freedmen, which is contrary to federal law. Graham has tried ...

This essay provides an analysis of historiographical trends in the study of the Five Tribes (the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole Nations) and the Black women and men who were ...

Freedman citizenship has been a difficult issue for tribes as the U.S. reckons with its history of racism. The Cherokee Nation has granted full citizenship to its freedmen, while other tribes ...

Descendants of Freedmen of the Five Civilized Tribes Association have sent U.S. Secretary of Interior Burgum a letter seeking Choctaw freedmen treaty rights protection.

The Cherokee Nation has granted full citizenship to its freedmen, while other tribes, like the Muscogee Nation, have argued that sovereignty allows tribes to make their own decisions about who ...

The Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Muscogee (Creek) and Seminole nations were referred to historically as the Five Civilized Tribes, or Five Tribes, by European settlers because they often ...