In normal everyday life we come across matter in three states, solid, liquid and gas. ... but because the bonds between separate molecules are usually less tight, liquids expand more than solids.

For a better understanding of the difference between solids, liquids and gases, we need to look at what they're made of. Scientists discovered that all materials are made of teeny-tiny particles ...

Water’s just plain old water, right? Not when you trap it inside a tiny channel, it seems, because then it behaves like no other solid, liquid or gas.

The molecules that make up a gas are about 100 to 1000 times further apart than the molecules of a solid or liquid. Imagine what a tablespoon of water looks like. If that same number of molecules was ...

From these measurements, they characterized the phase of the molecules and were able to reproduce the transitions between gas, liquid, and solid, that was expected.

The DFT-calculated HOMO and LUMO eigenstates in the gas-phase molecule ... P. et al. Supramolecular staircase via self-assembly of disklike molecules at the solid–liquid interface. J. Am. Chem.