In Walnut Creek, about 70 percent of the 10,000 downtown parking spaces are privately owned and managed. A free smartphone app displays real-time parking information.

A private parking operator's business model is to extract money from you, and it's estimated that 80% of motorists pay straightaway due to the legalese jargon." ...

Innovative Parking and its president, Michael Denigris, have contributed nearly $50,000 over the last two years to 23 Council members or their ward organizations. Reboyras got a $1,000 contribution.