Avoiding Punishment Is Its Own Reward Date: July 10, 2006 ... During the experimental trials, participants selected one of two fractal images presented on a screen. After a fractal was chosen, ...

In subsequent trials they had to choose between sets of two images, one which offered no reward and one that incurred a $ ... [punishment avoidance] seems to be a reward,” says O’Doherty.

Compared with reward seeking, punishment avoidance learning is less clearly understood at both the computational and neurobiological levels. Here we demonstrate, using computational modelling and ...

Does the child respond the same way to reward as it does to avoiding punishment? ... During the experimental trials, participants selected one of two fractal images presented on a screen.