Hypothesis testing allows for testing an idea regarding a parameter of interest in a particular population set, using information that has been measured in a sample set.

Example of Hypothesis Testing If a researcher wants to test if a penny is fair, the null hypothesis would state that the probability of landing on heads is exactly 50%.

Good research starts with a good hypothesis, which is simply a statement making a prediction based on a set of observations. For example, ...

During his Ph.D. research, mathematician Tyron Lardy worked on a new approach to hypothesis testing. Instead of the traditional p-value, he uses so-called e-values. These turn out to be more ...