How do cells detect non-self double-stranded ... Figure 1: In the innate immune system, cytoplasmic sensor molecules detect invasion of viruses or bacteria, then activate expression of cytokines ...

The immune system works to maintain homeostasis throughout the body. Various cell types and immune mechanisms work in concert to fight disease. Specifically, two waves of immunity orchestrate a robust ...

Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have uncovered a unique ability of a special subtype of natural killer cells in the ...