One specimen had tighter stud spacing than the other. A test in July used an orthogonal layout with added diagonal lines of shear studs radiating from the corners of the column, at 45-degree angles.

Figure R11.11.5 in the code commentary shows shear-stud layouts for three conditions, Hammill continues. In each case, the shear-stud reinforcement is clearly located at the column corners. "The ...