Most Americans will experience back pain at some point — and many times it’s not a result of injury or illness.

Objectives Despite lumbar degenerative disc disease (LDDD) being significantly associated with non-specific low back pain and effective treatment remaining elusive, specialist multidisciplinary ...

Objectives Chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy (CSMT) and lumbar discectomy are both used for lumbar disc herniation (LDH) and lumbosacral radiculopathy (LSR); however, limited research has ...

Introduction Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a prevalent degenerative spinal condition, affecting approximately 77.8% of patients with lumbar spine disorders (1, 2). LDH is characterized by ...

Spine extension (bending backward) causes posterior disc bulging and bulging of the ligamentum flava, which Results in further narrowing of the central and lateral canals. To compensate, a forward ...

L4–L5 disc herniation presenting with neuronal claudication and radicular radiation pain often severely affects work and learning. Previous literature has reported that PETD is superior to PEID in ...