Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a minimally invasive procedure to remove large renal calculi through a small incision in the patient’s back. Ultrasound (US) imaging is commonly used to guide ...

Impaired renal function poses a risk across all age groups. Because of the global shortage of nephrologists, the growing public health concern over renal failure, and technological improvements, there ...

But it can also be how a person metabolizes food and water. Often though, it’s due to dehydration. “People need to be drinking more water,” Mendonca said. Adults should be drinking six to eight cups ...