The oxygen isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic phosphate (δ18Op) in many aquatic ecosystems is not in isotopic equilibrium with ambient water and, therefore, may reflect the source δ18Op.

Reactions involving the transfer of a phosphoryl (−PO32–) group are fundamental to cellular metabolism. These reactions are catalyzed by enzymes, often large and complex, belonging to the ...

The extra phosphate deposits in blood vessels and other tissues damage bones and muscles, worsening kidney failure and causing heart problems, bone pain, fractures, and death. Phosphate binders are ...