Vascular bundle – Xylem and phloem tissues, commonly known as leaf veins. Spongy mesophyll – Layer of parenchyma tissues loosely arranged to facilitate movement of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and ...

Figure 1: Passive phloem loading in plants and in the synthetic tree-on-a-chip. Using our synthetic passive loader, we study in this paper the full dynamics of passive phloem loading, set by the ...