Why are Minor Chords Perceived as “Sad”? Part 1 article by Kurt Ellenberger, published on July 8, 2025 at All About Jazz.

Harmonic minors use the relative major key signature and raise the seventh note of the scale. For example, in A harmonic minor there are no sharps or flats other than the raised seventh of G#.

Revise notation, the way of writing down music, with rhythm and metre, sharps and flats, key signatures, major and minor keys, articulation and dynamics.